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v1. 2 11/09/06 1 es51918 11,000 counts auto dmm features ? 11,000 counts lcd display ? conversion rate : 4 times/s ? full automatic measurement *voltage measurement: 110.00mv C 1000.0v *current measurement: a/ma/a *resistance measurement: 110.00 C 110.0m *capacitance measurement: 11.000nf C 110.00mf(12. 5sec) ( taiwan patent no.: 453443 ) *frequency counter: 1.1000khz C 110.00mhz ? current modes for clamp meter ? diode mode & continuity check ? adp mode with independent reference voltage ? temperature mode with internal scale conversion circuit from 0 c to 0 f ? va h z function ( taiwan patent no.: 510502 ) ? peak hold with automatic calibration ( taiwan patent no.: 476418 ) ? relative function ? zero function in manual dca mode ? data hold function ? max/min function ? shift feature for 110.0m ? high crest factor signal detection ( taiwan patent no.: 234661 ) ? band - gap reference voltage output ? ce selection ? on - chip independent opamp ? serial data output (rs232 format) ? auto power off with idle time selection ? sleep output ? on - chip buzzer driver ? 3v dc power supply ? low battery detection for 3v or 9v battery ? back light function description es51918 is an integrated analog - to - digital converter (adc) with 11,000 counts lcd display, automatic range selection, and 3v dc power supply. automatic range selection is provided for voltage (ac/dc) measurement, resistance measurement, current measurement, capacitance measurement, and frequency counter. expensive and bulky mechanical range switches are not required. other features include peak detection with calibration mode, relative value display, zero - offset removing feature in manual dca mode for clampmeter, data holding, maximum and minimum holding, diode measurement, temperature measurement, continuity checking, low battery detection, auto power off, re - power on, a nd rs232 data output.
v1. 2 11/09/06 2 application digital multimeter clamp meter thermometer pin assignment range hold rel_zero peak vahz max/min bkout bu zout buzin annunc bp1 bp2 bp3 bp4 seg01 seg02 seg03 seg04 seg05 seg06 seg07 seg08 seg09 seg10 seg11 seg12 seg13 seg14 seg15 seg16 v+ v+ cref+ cref - cint caz buff raz ivsh ivsl ovx ovh ovsg or1 vr5 vr4 vr3 vr2 test5 acvl acvh adi ado adohz opo opin+ opin - pwd vrh vr seg17 seg18 ohmc3 ohmc2 rs23 2 freq sleep ohmc1 ca+ ca - r1k r9k pmax pmin vbar vr1 sgnd adp va - va + osc1 osc2 aposel cesel bklit key slacdc fc5 fc4 fc3 fc2 fc1 lb at9 sdo c+ c - v - dgnd agnd agnd 5 10 15 20 25 50 45 40 35 80 75 70 65 60 55 85 90 95 100 es51918 cyrustek. com.tw
v1. 2 11/09/06 3 pin description pin no symbol type description 1 v+ o output of on - chip dc - dc converter. 2 v+ o output of on - chip dc - dc converter. 3 cref+ i/o positive connection for reference capacitor. 4 cref - i/o negative connection for reference capacitor. 5 cint o integrator output. connect to integral capacitor 6 caz i auto - zero capacitor connection. 7 buff o buffer output pin. connect to integral resistor 8 raz o buffer output pin in high - speed mode. connect to high - speed integral resistor. 9 ivsh i current measurement input for 1100 a, 110ma and 11a modes . 10 ivsl i current measurement input for 110 a, 11ma. 11 ovx i input high voltage for resistance measurement 12 ovh i output connection for resistance measurement 13 ovsg i sense low voltage for resistance measurement 14 or1 o reference resistor connection for 110.00 range 15 vr5 o voltage measurement 10000 attenuator(1000.0v) 16 vr4 o voltage measurement 1000 attenuator(110.00v) 17 vr3 o voltage measurement 100 attenuator(11.000v) 18 vr2 o voltage measurement 10 attenu ator(1.1000v) 19 test 5 i/o test pin 20 acvl o dc signal low input in acv/aca mode. connect to negative output of external ac to dc converter. 21 acvh o dc signal high input in acv/aca mode. connect to positive output o external ac to dc converter. 2 2 adi i negative input of internal ac to dc op amp. 23 ado o output of internal ac to dc op amp. 24 adohz i frequency input under voltage/current mode, offset to agnd. 25 opo o output of internal independent op amp. 26 opin+ i positive input terminal o f on - chip independent op amp. 27 opin - i negative input terminal of on - chip independent op amp. 28 pwd i power - down enable for on - chip independent op amp. 29 vrh o output of band - gap voltage reference. typically C 1.23v 30 vr i reference input voltage c onnection. typically C 100mv 31 va + i for adp mode. de - integrating voltage positive input. the input should be higher than va - . 32 va - i for adp mode. de - integrating voltage negative input. the input should be lower than va+. 33 adp i measurement input in adp mode. 34 sgnd g signal ground. 35 vr1 i measurement input. 36 vbar i in capacitance mode, a compensation capacitor is connected. in temperature mode, it is used to control decimal point. in a or ma modes, it is used to control the ? or m sig n. 37 pmin o minimum peak hold output 38 pmax o maximum peak hold output. 39 r9k o connect to a precise 9k resister for capacitor measurement. 40 r1k o connect to a precise 1k resister for capacitor measurement. 41 ca - i/o negative auto - zero capacitor connection for capacitor measurement 42 ca+ i/o positive auto - zero capacitor connection for capacitor m easurement 43 ohmc1 o filter capacitor connection for resistance mode.
v1. 2 11/09/06 4 44 sleep o sleep mode indicator, asserts low in sleep mode. 45 freq i frequency counter input, offset v - /2 internally by the chip. 46 rs232 i assert low to enable serial data output . 47 ohmc2 o filter capacitor connection for resistance mode. 48 ohmc3 o filter capacitor connection for resistance mode. 49 - 66 seg18 C seg01 o lcd segment line 01 C 18 67 bp4 o lcd backplane 4 68 bp3 o lcd backplane 3 69 bp2 o lcd backplane 2 70 bp1 o lcd backplane 1 71 annunc o square wave output at the backplane frequency, synchronized to bp1. annunc can be used to control display annunciator. connect a lcd segment to annunc to turn it on; connect an lcd segment to its backplane to turn it off. 72 buzin i pull to v - to enable the buzout. 73 buzout o outputs a 2khz audio frequency signal for driving piezoelectric buzze when buzin is low. 74 bkout o if bklit function is enabled, this pin will change from C 3v to +3v for 60 sec, once press bkli t pin again within 60 sec, this pin will change back to C 3 v. 75 maxmin i pulse to v - to enable max/min function. 76 va h z i pulse to v - to enable vahz mode. 77 peak i pulse to v - to enable peak hold mode. 78 rel_zero i pulse to v - to enable relative fun ction or zero function. 79 hold i pulse to v - to enable hold function. 80 range i pulse to v - to enable manual mode and manual range selection. 81 osc1 i crystal oscillator input connection 82 osc2 o crystal oscillator output connection 83 aposel i i dle time selection for auto power off feature. 84 cesel i ce selection feature control pin. 85 bklit i back light function. pulse low to set bkout pin output. 86 key i pulse to v - to change mode. in adp mode, if this pin is connected to v - , the buzzer o utput will be off when the adp input overflows. 87 slacdc i select initial state. please refer to page 13 88 fc5 i switch 5 for function selection. 89 fc4 i switch 4 for function selection. 90 fc3 i switch 3 for function selection. 91 fc2 i switch 2 f or function selection. 92 fc1 i switch 1 for function selection. 93 l b at 9 i low battery configuration. if 3v battery is used, connect it to agnd. the default low - battery threshold voltage is C 2.3v. if 9v battery is used, the low battery annunciator is d isplayed when the voltage of this pin is less than vrh ( - 1.2v) 94 sdo o rs232 compliant serial data output. 95 c+ o positive capacitor connection for on - chip dc - dc converter. 96 c - o negative capacitor connection for on - chip dc - dc converter. 97 v - p n egative supply voltage. connecting to 3v battery negative terminal. 98 dgnd p/g digital ground. connecting to 3v battery positive terminal. 99 agnd p/g analog ground. 100 agnd p/g analog ground.
v1. 2 11/09/06 5 absolute maximum ratings characteristic rating suppl y voltage (v - to agnd) - 4v analog input voltage v - - 0.6 to v+ +0.6 v+ v+ (agnd/dgnd+0.5v) agnd/dgnd agnd/dgnd (v - - 0.5v) digital input v - - 0.6 to dgnd +0.6 power dissipation. flat package 500mw operating temperature 0 to 70 storage temperature - 25 to 125 electrical characteristics ta=25 , v - = - 3v parameter symbol test condition min. typ. max units power supply v - - 3.5 - 3.0 - 2.2 v operating supply current in dcv mode i dd normal operation 1.8 2.0 ma i ss in sleep mode 2.5 5 a voltage roll - over error rev 10m input resistor 0.05 %f.s 1 voltage nonlinearity nlv best case straight line 0.05 %f.s input leakage - 10 1 10 pa low battery flag voltage v - to agnd - 2.4 - 2.3 - 2.2 v zero input reading 10m input resistor - 000 000 +000 counts referen ce voltage v ref 100k resistor between vrh and agnd - 1.33 - 1.23 - 1.13 v peak to peak backplane drive voltage - 3.5v v - 2.2v 3.1 3.2 3.3 v counter time base period f osc = 4mhz 1 sec open circuit voltage for 110 range and continuity mode - 3.0 v open circuit voltage for measurement (except 110 ) - 0.38 - 0.34 - 0.30 v internal pull - high to 0v current between v - pin and hold, range, key, fc1~fc5, bklit,maxmin 1.2 a between v - pin and rs232 11 internal pull - low to v - cur rent between gnd pin and pwn 1.5 a ac frequency response at 2.2000v range 1% 40 - 400 hz 5% 400 - 2000 sensitivity in vahz mode input from adohz duty cycle=50% 600 mv(vpp)
v1. 2 11/09/06 6 sensitivity in frequency mode input from freq duty cycle=50% 600 mv(vpp) reference voltage temperature coefficient tc rf 100k resister between vrh 0 v1. 2 11/09/06 7 1.1.3 hcf signal detection es51918 provides detection of high - crest - factor (hcf) signal in acv mode. when thi s function is enabled, es51918 senses the signal and determines it as hcf if the vpp is large enough. once the signal is determined as hcf, es51918 will jump up one measuring range regardless of current measurement value. it takes 60ms to jump one range up . the jumping up process will continue until the maximum range is reached. with hcf detection, a more accurate result could be obtained. for example, when a input signal with vpp=500v, vrms=100v(cf=5) was applied, traditional 4000 counts dmms might stay at 400v range but shows counts with the amount of error up to 10% or even bigger. the error rises from limited input/output swing at internal adc. with hcf detection, dmm will stay at 4000v and exhibits more accurate results. in addition to accuracy improv ement, hcf will speed up the measuring process for high voltage signals. for example, a 1000vrms is applied, es51918 will take about 180ms (3 hcf jumps) to enter 1100.0 v range. and it takes 1 or 2 measuring processes to obtain the stable result. thus a st able lcd reading could be obtained within 1 sec. in determining whether the input signal is hcf, es51918 senses the signal at vr1 for fast response. however if a signal consists of a small ac part and a large enough dc part, es51918 might incorrectly trea t it as hcf. this could incur range looping phenomenon, i.e., the measurement could not settle to a specific range.
v1. 2 11/09/06 8 1.1.4 the true rms - to - dc conversion with es636 if es636 is used for true rms - to - dc measurement, the test circuit is shown in figure 1. mak e ado and adi pin short, and test5 pin keeps float. connect ovsg pin to agnd through a switch in acv measurement mode. figure 1. the true rms - to - dc conversion with es636 ovsg or1 vr5 vr4 vr3 vr2 test5 acvl acvh adi ado adohz pwd op - op+ opo 1.111m 101k 10k 1k 99.5 ag nd acv agnd 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 es636 4.7u + +vs agnd +vs - vs 500k 1k 10 agnd - vs 100k 1.5k - vs n1 n2 10k 27k 0.1u agnd +vs - vs 2 3 1 5 4 7 6 agnd 3.3u + 5k agnd +vs tl061 es51918 30k 10k 4.7u note: the filter capacitors for +vs and - vs are recommended to near to the power terminals of es636 and external opamp. 1m 100k agnd
v1. 2 11/09/06 9 1.2 resistance measurement a re - configurable divider automatically provides a suit able full - scale range in resistance measurement mode. the following table summarizes the full - scale ranges and the reference resistors in each configuration. in 110.0m, the maximum counting number is 1100 counts and the resolution is 0.1m. so the full sc ale becomes 110.0m. configuration full scale range divider ratio resister connection or1 110.00 r6 100 or2 1.1000k r5 1k or3 11.000k r4 10k or4 110.00k r1 r3 100k or5 1.1000m r1 r2 1m or6 11.000m r1 10m or7 110.0m r1 10m 1.3 current measurement es51918 has 2 automatic and 1 manual current measurement modes for multimeter and 5 manual current measurement modes for clampmeter. the following table summarizes the full - scale range of each mode. when es51918 operate in the current measureme nt modes for multimeter, it takes high input from pin ivsh or ivsl, low input from pin sgnd and reference voltage from pin vr. when es51918 operate in the current measurement modes for clampmeter, it takes high input from pin adp, low input from pin sgnd a nd reference voltage from pins va+ and va - . the test circuits are shown in page 28 - 29. mode range selection full scale designed for automatic mode 1 a 110.00a / 1100.0a multimeter automatic mode 2 ma 11.000ma / 110.00ma multimeter manual mode 1 a 11 .000a multimeter manual mode 2 a 1.1000a clampmeter manual mode 3 a 11.000a clampmeter manual mode 4 a 110.00a clampmeter manual mode 5 a 1100.0a clampmeter manual mode 6 a 11000a clampmeter note: 1. in manual dc current measurement modes for clamp meter, es51918 provides zero function for offset removing. 2. in automatic mode1 and automatic mode2, the pin vbar is used to control the display of and m sign on the lcd panel. if pin vbar is floating or connected to dgnd, the and m sign will be displayed. if pin vbar is connected to v - , the and m sign will not be displayed.
v1. 2 11/09/06 10 1.4 capacitance measurement the following table summarizes the eight ranges of capacitance measurement mode. configuration full scale range resistance ratio c1 11.00 0nf r1 r2 c2 110.00nf r1 r3 c3 1.1000uf r4 c4 11.000uf - c5 110.00uf - c6 1.1000mf - c7 11.000mf - c8 110.00mf - note: 1. in order to obtain an accurate reading, a capacitor must be discharged before measurement begins. the chip has a built - in disc harge mode to automatically discharge the capacitor. in discharge mode, the lcd displays ds.c 2. discharging through the chip is quite slow. we recommend the user to discharge the capacitor with some other apparatus. 1.5 continuity check continuity check shares the same configuration with 110 .00 manual resistance measurement mode, but with buzzer output to indicate continuity. the buzzer generates a 2khz sound whenever the digit number is less than 30. the short circuit detection is more sensitive and the response time is less than 10ms. 1.6 di ode measurement diode measurement mode shares the same configuration with 1.1000v manual voltage measurement mode.. the buzzer generates a 2khz sound whenever the digit number is less than 30mv. the short circuit detection is more sensitive and the respons e time is less than 10ms.
v1. 2 11/09/06 11 1.7 frequency counter the time base of the frequency counter is derived from an external crystal oscillator by t counter = 4,000,000 f osc where f osc is the frequency of the crystal oscillator. thus, the counter has a 1 - second ti me base when a 4mhz oscillator is used. the frequency counter can select the proper range automatically or manually. auto - range operation extends over six decades, from 1111hz to 110.00mhz. the following table summarizes the full - scale range of the frequen cy counter. range full scale fr1 12 11.1 C 111.1hz fr1 2 112 C 1111hz fr2 11.000khz fr3 110.00khz fr4 1.1000mhz fr5 11.000mhz fr6 110.00mhz note: 1 in the range of fr1, if input frequency is less than 11.1hz, es51918 will show 0.0hz . 2 when the readin g is more than 111.1hz, the resolution becomes 1hz. 1.8 temperature measurement mode temperature measurement mode takes input signal from adp pin and reference voltage from (va+ - va - ). es51918 has a built - in - to - H scale translation circuit, and only needs a n external scale application circuit. the application circuit for H scale is not required. in temperature measurement mode, the default range is 1100.0 or H. vbar pin is used to control the second decimal point (dp2) on the lcd panel. when vbar is low , dp2 is turned on and the first decimal point (dp1) is turned off.
v1. 2 11/09/06 12 1.9 auto power off and idle time selection es51918 has a default auto power off function. if the meter is idle for more than the given idle time, the chip automatically turns the power off. the idle time to trigger the auto power off function is determined by pin aposel. if pin aposel is connected to v - , the idle time will be set to 30 minutes. if pin aposel is connected to dgnd or floating, the idle time will be set to 15 minutes. when apo happens, the state of the meter is saved. the apo sign on the lcd panel indicates whether the auto power off is enabled or not. in some cases, user might want to disable auto power off. there are two ways to disable this feature as following: 1. power on the meter when any of the push functions, except for hold, is pressed down. 2. in addition, when rs232 output is active, the auto power off function is also disabled. note : powering on the meter while pressing hold and lasts 2 seconds turns on all lcd segments u ntil hold is pressed again. 1.10 sleep the meter enters sleep mode after auto power off. the sleep pin asserts low ( - 3v) in the sleep mode, and asserts high (+3v, not 0v) after re - power on. 1.11 re - power on after auto power - off, pushing any of the push function or changing the rotary mode can turn on the meter again. if the meter is re - powered on by changing the rotary mode, the saved state is cleared. if the meter is re - powered on by push functions, the chip restores the saved state and enters hold mode. the lcd d isplays the saved value.
v1. 2 11/09/06 13 1 measurement mode switching measurement mode depends on the logic level of slacdc, fc1, fc2, fc3, fc4, fc5, and key. when fc5 is high, the measurement mode list is below slacdc fc1 fc2 fc3 fc4 mode function of key 0 1 0 1 1 volt age measurement dcv ? acv 0 1 1 0 1 auto dc current measurement( a) dca ? aca 0 1 1 1 1 auto dc current measurement(ma) dca ? aca 0 0 0 0 0 11a dc current measurement(a) dca ? aca 0 1 1 1 0 manual dc 1.1000a dca ? aca 0 1 1 0 0 manual dc 11.000a dca ? aca 0 1 0 0 0 manual dc 110.00a dca ? aca 0 1 0 1 0 manual dc 1100.0a dca ? aca 0 1 0 0 1 manual dc 11000a dca ? aca 0 0 0 1 1 resistance measurement ? continuity 0 0 0 0 1 continuity check continuity ? diode 0 0 1 1 1 resistance measurement ? continuity ? diod e 0 0 0 1 0 frequency measurement 0 0 1 1 0 capacitance measurement 0 0 1 0 0 temperature measurement ? H 1 1 0 1 1 voltage measurement acv ? dcv 1 1 1 0 1 auto ac current measurement( a) ac a ? dc a 1 1 1 1 1 auto ac current measurement(ma) ac ma ? dcma 1 0 0 0 0 11a ac current measurement(a) aca ? dca 1 1 1 1 0 manual ac 1.1000a aca ? dca 1 1 1 0 0 manual ac 11.000a aca ? dca 1 1 0 0 0 manual ac 110.00a aca ? dca 1 1 0 1 0 manual ac 1100.0a aca ? dca 1 1 0 0 1 manual ac 11000a aca ? dca 1 0 0 1 1 *adp0 1 0 0 0 1 *adp1 1 0 1 1 1 *adp2 1 0 0 1 0 *adp3 1 0 1 1 0 *adp4 1 0 1 0 0 temperature measurement H ? x 0 1 0 1 resistance measurement ? diode x means dont care. *when fc5 is high, the adp0, adp1, adp2, adp3 and adp 4 modes can display minus sign. note1: the manual dc/ac 1.1a, 11a, 110a, 1100a and 11000a modes are designed for clampmeter. note2: the 11a dc and 11a ac current measurement modes, (fc1~4) = (0, 0, 0, 0), are designed for multimeter.
v1. 2 11/09/06 14 when fc5=low, key is disabled and the measurement mode list is below. slacdc fc1 fc2 fc3 fc4 mode 0 1 0 1 1 dc voltage measurement 0 1 1 0 1 auto dc current measurement( a ) 0 1 1 1 1 auto dc current measurement(ma) 0 0 0 0 0 11a dc current measurement(a) 0 1 1 1 0 manua l dc 1.1000a 0 1 1 0 0 manual dc 11.000a 0 1 0 0 0 manual dc 110.00a 0 1 0 1 0 manual dc 1100.0a 0 1 0 0 1 manual dc 11000a 0 0 0 1 1 resistance measurement 0 0 0 0 1 continuity check 0 0 1 1 1 diode measurement 0 0 0 1 0 frequency measurement 0 0 1 1 0 capacitance measurement 0 0 1 0 0 temperature measurement ( o c ) 1 1 0 1 1 ac voltage measurement 1 1 1 0 1 auto ac current measurement( a) 1 1 1 1 1 auto ac current measurement(ma) 1 0 0 0 0 11a ac current measurement(a) 1 1 1 1 0 manual ac 1.1 000a 1 1 1 0 0 manual ac 11.000a 1 1 0 0 0 manual ac 110.00a 1 1 0 1 0 manual ac 1100.0a 1 1 0 0 1 manual ac 11000a 1 0 0 1 1 *adp0 1 0 0 0 1 *adp1 1 0 1 1 1 *adp2 1 0 0 1 0 *adp3 1 0 1 1 0 *adp4 1 0 1 0 0 temperature measurement ( o f ) x 0 1 0 1 resistance measurement x means dont care. * w hen fc5 is low, the adp0, adp1, adp2, adp3 and adp4 modes can not display minus sign. note1: the manual dc1.1a/11a/110a/1100a/11000a modes are designed for clampmeter. note2: the 11a dc current measurement mode, (fc1~4) = (0, 0, 0, 0), is designed for multimeter.
v1. 2 11/09/06 15 2 push function all the enabled push functions will be reset when the measurement mode is changed by rotary switch. change measurement mode by key function will reset enabled range, hold, max/min, r el, zero and peak functions. the following table lists the available function versus measurement mode. function mode range hold max/min rel zero peak vahz voltage o o o o x o o current1 o o o o x o o current2 x o o ac dc o ac resistance o o o o x x x capacitance o o o o x x x frequency o o o o x x x continuity x o o o x x x diode x o o o x x x temperature x o o o x x x adp x o o o x o x note: current1 includes auto a, auto ma and 11a modes. current2 includes manual 1.1a, 11a, 110a, 1100a an d 11000a modes. 2.1 hold hold mode makes the meter stop updating the lcd panel. this mode can be nested in most of the special modes. enabling hold function in automatic mode makes the meter switch to manual mode, but the full - scale range remains the same. ho ld function can be cancelled by changing the measurement mode, pressing range, or push hold again.
v1. 2 11/09/06 16 2.2 range range pin switches to and from automatic and manual mode, and while in manual mode, changes the full - scale range. the following figure shows the sta te transition. automatic mode manual mode 1 push < 1 sec 1 push > 1 sec 1 push < 1 sec range up measurement mode auto manual control range initial range v(dc/ac) vr2 C vr5 vri vri + 1, vr5 vr1 110.00mv C 1100.0v 1.1000v auto a(dc/ac) r1 C r2 r1 r2, r2 r1 110.00a C 1100.0a 110.00a auto ma(ac/dc) r1 r2 r1 r2 r2 r1 11.000ma C 110.00ma 11.000ma 11 a(dc/ac) fixed fixed 11.000a 11.000a or1 - or7 ori ori + 1, or 7 or1 110.00 C 110.0m 110.00 capacitance c1 C c8 ci ci + 1, c8 c1 11.000nf C 110.00mf 11.000nf continuity fixed fixed 110.00 110.00 diode fixed fixed 1.1000v 1.1000v frequency fr1 C fr6 fri fri + 1 fr6 fr1 1111hz C 110.00mhz 1111hz note : pushing range resets all existing special modes. 2.3 key see section measurement mode switching for the function of this pin. 2.4 rel + hold in rel mode, the lcd panel displays d n+k - d n , where d n = 1, 2, 3, , d n is the last value before rel is pushed, and d n+k is the current value. if rel is pushed again in rel mode, the meter displays the reference value. the meter returns to normal operation if rel is pressed and held for longer than one second. pressing hold in rel mode makes the meter stop updating the lcd panel.
v1. 2 11/09/06 17 note: its possible that the relative value exceeds 11,000 or C 11,000 counts, but never exceeds 19,999 or C 19,999 counts. such relative values are displayed. the lcd shows ol in rel mode only if d n or d n+k is more than 10,999 counts or the re lative value is more than 19,999. 2.5 max/min + hold the meter displays the maximum or minimum value of the input in max/min mode. when max/min is pressed for the first time, the meter displays the maximum value. when max/min is pressed again, the meter displ ays the minimum value. when max/min is pressed for the third time, the meter displays current value. the meter returns to normal operation if max/min is pressed and held for longer than one second. pressing hold in max/min mode makes the meter stop updatin g the maximum or the minimum value. original state (auto/manual) rel active. the relative value rel blink. the d n value rel and h active. hold the relative value rel and h blink. the d n value push hold push hold 1 push < 1s 1 push > 1s 1 push > 1s 1 push < 1s 1 push < 1s original state (automatic/manual) max active max value min active min value max h active hold max value. min h active hold min value. push hold push hold 1push<1s 1 push>1 sec 1 push>1s 1 push<1s max min blink current value 1push<1s push hold maxmin h blink hold current value. 1push<1s 1push<1s 1 push>1 sec 1push<1s 1push<1s
v1. 2 11/09/06 18 2.6 relative + max/min + hold max/min mode can be nested in rel mode. the meter displays the maximum or minimum value relative to the reference when max/min is pressed in rel mode. pressing hold under rel + max/min makes the meter stop updating the lcd panel. 2.7 zero : in manual dc 1.1000a, 11.000a, 110.00a, 1100.0a and 11000a measurement modes , the rel_zero pin changes to control zero function instead of relative function. in zero mode, the lcd panel displays d n+k - d n , w here d n = 1, 2, 3, , d n is the last conversion value before zero is pushed, and d n+k is the current conversion value. if zero is pushed again in zero mode, the meter will refresh the d n value and displays the d n+k - d n again . the meter returns to normal operation if zero is pressed and held for longer than one second. pressing hold in zero mode makes the meter stop updating the lcd panel. in zero mode, lcd will not show any symbol to remind users of zero mode is active. state diagram for zero mode: original state (auto/manual) rel active. the relative value rel blink. the d n value rel and max active. maximum relative value rel max min blink. the d n value rel and min active. min imum relative value push max/min push max/min > 1s 1 push < 1s 1 push < 1s rel , max , h active. hold max. rel. value rel , min , h active. hold min. rel. value rel , max , min ,h blink. the d n value 1 push < 1s 1 push < 1s push hold push hold push hold 1 push < 1s 1 push < 1s 1 push < 1s 1 push >1s
v1. 2 11/09/06 19 state diagram for zero + hold mode: state diagram for zero + max/min + hold mode: original state zero active show d n+k - d n zero max active show max. d n+k - d n vl zero min active show min. d n+k - d n vl zero max hold ac tive hold max. d n+k - d n va l u e zero min hold active hold min. d n+k - d n va l u e press hold press hold press max/min press max/min < 1s press max/min < 1s press max/min > 1s press zero > 1s press zero press zero < 1s original state zero active show d n+k - d n press zero > 1s press zero press zero < 1s zero hold active stop lcd upgrading press hold original state zero active show d n+k - d n press zero > 1s press zero press zero < 1s
v1. 2 11/09/06 20 2.8 peak + hold peak mode takes input from pmax or pmin pin. the peak values are stored in external capacitors. polyster mylar capacitors are recommended. the precision of peak mode measurement can be enhanced by calibration. calibration for peak mode is invoked by pressing peak bottom for more than 2 seconds. entering peak mode will automatically execute peak calibration, if peak calibration was never done bef ore. the calibration process measures and stores the offset voltage of internal operation amplifiers. high precision is achieved by substracting this offset from reading. when power off the es51918 or switch the measurement mode to temperature mode , the ca librated offset value will be cleared. es51918 will automatically execute peak calibration, if peak mode was activated again after the calibrated offset value was cleared. - 3 serial data output the rs232 function will be activated if the rs232 pin is pull ed to and asserts at v - . the serial data sent to sdo pin once every a/d conversion cycle. the data format complies with jis 7bits transmission code with a baud rate of 19230. the host can use rs232 interface to read the data. a single data packet includes a start bit (always 0), 7 data bits, an odd parity check bit, and a stop bit (always 1). the high and low voltage levels correspond to dgnd and v - respectively. sdo remains at 1 (high) when it is calibration original state (auto/manual) pmax active. max. peak value pmin active. min. peak value pmax , hold active. max. peak value pmin , hold active. min. peak value 1 push > 2 s end 1 push > 1 s 1 push < 1 s 1 push < 1 s push hold push hold 1 push > 2 s already calibrated calibration no yes 1 push < 1 s done
v1. 2 11/09/06 21 inactive. hence the start bit (0) could be used as the trigg ering signal to begin the reading process. the following figure shows the data format of a single packet. the lsb is sent first and the msb is sent last. single package 0 p 1 p 0v -3v lsb msb d0 ~d6 one data blo ck consists of 11 packets, or 110 bits. the following figure shows the format of a data block. the range packet indicates the full scale range of the meter. digit 3 through digit 0 are just the digits on the lcd panel. the function packet indicates the mea surement mode of the meter. status, option 1 and option 2 give the status of the meter. cr and lf are delimiters used to separate the blocks. all package 0 p 1 status digit2 digit3 function range option1 cr lf digit0 digit1 0 p 1 0 p 1 0 p 1 0 p 1 0 p 1 0 p 1 0 p 1 0 p 1 0 p 1 0 p 1 option2 the meter always outputs the current inpu t value to the serial port in spite of hold mode. each block is repeated twice in one conversion cycle. the detailed data format of each packet is listed below.
v1. 2 11/09/06 22 3.1 functuon this packet indicates the measurement mode of the meter. the following table summari zes the transmitted code for each mode. note that the encoding of this packet is different from the encoding of fc1 - fc5 switch. code measurement mode 0111011 voltage 0111101 auto a current 0111111 auto ma current 0110000 11 a current 0111001 manual a current 0110011 0110101 continuity 0110001 diode 0110010 frequency 0110110 capacitance 0110100 *temperature 0111110 adp *the judge bit in the status packet determines whether the unit is celsius or fahrenheit. 3.2 range this packet indicates the f ull - scale range of the meter. when the meter operates in continuity mode or diode mode, this packet is always 0110000 since the full - scale ranges in these modes are fixed. the following table lists the code for each range in each measurement mode. code v auto ma auto a 11 a manual a adp frequency capacitor 0110000 1.1000v 11.000ma 110.00a 1.1000a adp4 110.00 1111hz 11.000nf 0110001 11.000v 110.00ma 1100.0a 11.000 a 11.000a adp3 1.1000k - 110.00nf 0110010 110.00v 110.00a adp2 11.000k 11.000khz 1.1000f 0110011 1100.0v 110 0.0a adp1 110.00k 110.00khz 11.000f 0110100 110.00mv 11000a adp0 1.1000m 1.1000mhz 110.00f 0110101 11.000m 11.000mhz 1.1000mf 0110110 110.0m 110.00mhz 11.000mf 0110111 110.00mf
v1. 2 11/09/06 23 3.3 digit 3 C digit 0 digit 3 is the second sig nificant digit on the lcd panel, and digit 0 is the least significant digit. digit code 0 0110000 1 0110001 2 0110010 3 0110011 4 0110100 5 0110101 6 0110110 7 0110111 8 0111000 9 0111001 note: 1. the rs232 code of digit4 is in the packet optio n1 2. because the cycle time of measurement for continuity/diode mode is only 50ms, the least significant digit may not be accurate 3.4 status the format of this package shown below. the judge field is meaningful only when the function packet indicates temperatu re mode. in temperature mode, judge is 1 if the unit is f and is 0 of the unit is c . sign field indicates whether the minus sign on the lcd panel is on or off. batt field is one when battery low condition is true. ol indicates input overflow. 0 1 1 judg e sign b at t ol bit6 bit 5 bit 4 bit 3 bit 2 bit1 bit 0 3.5 option 1 0 1 1 ul p max p min digit4 bit 6 bit 5 bit 4 bit 3 bit 2 bit1 bit 0 ul field will be 1, only when input frequency is less than 11.1hz in fr1 range of frequency mode. if p max field is 1, p max is active and lcd panel display maximum peak value. if p min field is 1, p min is active and lcd panel display minimum peak value. the digit4 field will be 1, when the msd on the lcd is one.
v1. 2 11/09/06 24 3.6 option 2 this packet contains information on the operation mo de of the meter. the format is shown below. the dc field indicates that the meter operates in dc measurement mode, either voltage or current. the ac field indicates that the meter operates in ac measurement mode, either voltage or current. the auto field i s set to one if the meter operates in automatic mode, and is set to zero when the meter operates in manual mode. 0 1 1 dc ac auto va h z bit 6 bit 5 bit 4 bit 3 bit 2 bit 1 bit 0 3.7 cr carriage returns. the transmitted code is 0001101. 3.8 lf line feed. the transmitted code is 0001010. 4 miscellaneous the conditions on which the meter turns on the buzzer include: (1) changing measurement mode generates one beep. (2) pressing any of the push functions generates one beep, if the function is valid. (3) power on and re - power on generate one beep. (4) input overflow in voltage and current mode generates one beep every 0.3 seconds (or 3.33 beeps per second.) (5) continuity(diode) check generates a continuous 2khz beep whenever the measurement is less then 30(30mv) (6) auto power off gener ates a 2khz beep which lasts for 1.5 seconds. the following figures show the output waveform from the buzout pin. 0.5 ms (a) continuous 2khz beep
v1. 2 11/09/06 25 0.3 sec 0.15 sec (b) 3.33 beep/sec 4.1 lcd panel seg01 seg02 seg03 se g04 seg05 seg06 seg07 seg08 seg09 bp1 apo batt auto manu a3 b3 hold a2 bp2 - dc f4 a4 b4 f3 g3 f2 b2 bp3 ac bc5 e4 g4 c4 e3 c3 e2 g2 bp4 rs232 dp4 d4 dp3 d3 dp2 d2 c2 seg10 seg11 seg12 seg13 seg14 seg15 seg16 seg17 seg18 bp1 2 H rel p max n bp2 f1 a1 b1 m 2 v max p min 1 bp3 e1 g1 c1 k a min m 1 bp4 dp1 d1 m hz f note: the msd on lcd panel will not shows zero batt dc ac apo rs232 auto manu hold H rel p max p min n 1 m 1 f 2 m 2 v a m k h z max min bp1 bp4 bp3 bp2 s1 s2 s3 s4 s5 s6 s7 s8 s9 s10 s11 s12 s14 s13 s15 s16 s17 s18
v1. 2 11/09/06 26 lcd backplane waveform 4.2 lcd display on condition lcd annunciator condition v in voltage measurement mode, and diode measurement mode. a in current measurement mode. in resistance measurement mode, and continuity mode. f in capacitance measurement mode. in continuity check mode. in diode mode. hz in frequency mode. dc in dc voltage or dc cu rrent mode. ac in ac voltage or ac current mode. auto when automatic full scale range selection is enabled. manu in manual mode. hold when hold function is enabled. rel when relative function is enabled. max / min when maximum or minimum function is enabled. p max / p min when p max or p min function is enabled. m 1 in capacitor measurement mode and the full scale range is in the order of mf. 1 in capacitor measurement mode and the full scale range is in the order of f. n in capacitor measurement mod e and the full scale range is in the order of nf. m 2 in voltage or current measurement mode and the full scale range is in the order of 10 - 3 . 2 in current measurement mode and the full scale range id in the order of a. m in resistance measurement mode and the full scale range is in the order of m k in resistance measurement mode and the full scale range is in the order of k in temperature measurement mode and when the unit is H in temperature measurement mode and when the unit is H apo when a uto power off function is enabled. rs232 when rs232 output is enabled. v - +3.1 v - +3.1 v - v - v - +3.1 v - v - +3.1 v - v - +3.1 v - +3.2 v - +3.2 v - v - v - +3.2 v - v - +3.2 v - v - +3.2 v -
v1. 2 11/09/06 27 4.3 operating timing es51918 incorporates a dual slope adc with four phases: zi, az, int and dint. the timing of each phase are listed below. * voltage /current /ohm /adp measurement: phase time zi 20ms az 20ms int 100ms dint 110ms p. s . in the dc voltage and ohm measurement with auto mode, if the range is changed, the internal clock rate will increase five times and the new measurement cycle becomes 1/5 times of the original cycl e until the range is stable. * continuity/diode measurement phase time zi 4ms az 4ms int 20ms dint 22ms *capacitance measurement: range total measurement time 11.000nf 0.25sec 110.00nf 0.25sec 1.1000uf 0.25sec 11.000uf 0.25sec 110.00uf 0.5sec 1.1000mf 1.0sec 11.000mf 2.5sec 110.00mf 12.5sec * frequency measurement in range fr1, the measurement cycle = 0.5 sec in range fr2~fr6, the measurement cycle = 1.05 sec p. s . in the frequency measurement with auto mode, if the ra nge is changed, the internal clock rate will increase ten times and the new measurement cycle becomes 1/10 times of the original cycle until the range is stable.
v1. 2 11/09/06 28 5 test circuit 6. low battery 680k 270k ba tt lbat9 v - agnd 0.1u 0v 9v d1 7.5k ovsg or1 vr5 vr4 vr3 vr2 v r 1 99.5 1k 10k 101 k 10m ado adi acvl acvh v r 88m d2 0.1u 4.7u 6.2k 2k 7.5k 1.0u 1.0u 1.111m - 100mv test5 voltage input agnd 1. voltage test 100 1.5k ptc z1 6v ovsg 10m 1.111m o vh vr1 vr2 5 . diode test agnd z2 4. current test 100k 100k 900 90 9 0.99 0.01 ma ma ua ua ua ma ivsl ivsh agnd a sgnd 10a r l vr 100k r adp sgnd va + va - vref + - 3. current test for clamp meter agnd - 100mv adp 100k va - va + 7. adp test sgnd agnd adpin+ adpin - fin f r e q 2.2u ptc 200 1.5k 8. frequency test 100 1.5k ptc z1 6v ovh 2. resistor test ovsg or1 vr5 vr4 vr3 vr2 99.5 1k 10k 101k 1.111m ovx sgnd agnd z2
v1. 2 11/09/06 29 7. application circuit notes: 1. most of pins are protected by the esd protection circuits. however pins, v+, v - , agnd, dgnd and vr1 are not protected enough because the parasitic effect must be decrease. therefore enough external protection is needed for assembling, carrying and keeping. in addition, co mponents connecting to these unprotected pins have to be soldered on board before the ic is soldered. 2. cp is the compensation capacitor for measuring capacitance. its value depends on the parasitic capacitor on the pcb board. 3. light shielding for the diodes and zeners. 4. zener diodes in above circuit are used for ic protection, so must be soldered on pcb first. v+ v+ cref+ cref - cint ( 5 ) caz buff raz ivsh ivsl ( 10 ) ovx ovh ovsg or1 vr5 ( 15 ) vr4 vr3 vr2 test5 acvl ( 20 ) acvh adi ado adohz opo ( 25 ) opin+ opin - pwd vrh vr ( 30 ) 10a 100 99.5 1k 10k 101k 1.111m 91k 10k 1 + ( 50 ) seg17 seg18 ohmc3 ohmc2 rs232 ( 45 ) fr eq sleep ohmc ca+ ca - ( 40 ) r1k r9k pmax pmin vbar ( 35 ) vr1 sgnd adp va - va + 10n 10n osc1 osc2 aposel olsel bklit ( 85 ) key slacdc fc5 fc4 fc3 ( 90 ) fc2 fc1 l b at9 sdo c+ ( 95 ) c - v - dgnd agnd agnd ( 100 ) 0.47 0.1 0.1 10 10 3v + + 5.6v zi 7.5v zi ( 80 ) range hold rel_zero peak va h z ( 75 ) max/min bkout buzout buzin annunc ( 70 ) bp1 bp2 bp3 bp4 seg01 ( 65 ) seg02 seg03 seg04 seg05 seg06 ( 60 ) seg07 seg08 seg09 seg10 seg11 ( 55 ) seg12 seg13 seg14 seg15 se g16 4m lcd display . . . 100n 470n 90k 0.1 30k 7.5k 1 1 7.5k 0.1 4.7 88m 2k 6 k d1 d2 + + 1 adp + 9k 1k v - v - 5.6v zi es51918 470n 1.5k 100k 220p ptc 10m 100k 100k cp c v// 900 90 9 0.99 0.01 a a a/ma ma ma 100k 100k 10a sgnd a ma hz 1.5k ptc 200 2.2 47n 22n 470n v -
v1. 2 11/09/06 30 8. package 1 100 pin qfp package title: topview.eps creator: fig 2dev version 3.2 patchlevel 1 A[: epsD? sDY? ]: epsD??? postscript ?C ??C title: sideview.eps creator: fig 2dev version 3.2 patchlevel 1 A[: epsD? sDY? ]: epsD??? postscript ?C ??C 2 dimension parameters symbol milimeter mill min. typ. max. min. typ. max. w 19.90 20.00 20.10 783.5 7 87.4 791.3 l 13.90 14.00 14.10 547.2 551.2 551.2 a 0.425 16.7 b 0.20 0.30 0.40 7.9 11.8 11.8 c 0.65 25.6 d 1.05 1.20 1.35 41.3 47.2 47.2 a 2.57 2.72 2.87 101.2 107.1 107.1 d 2.50 98.4 0 o 10 o

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